Evolution: the cumulative change in the heritable characteristics of a population
Necessary elements for evolution to happen:
1. something needs to be able to variate, within individuals of a species.
2. there has to be a change in the frequency of genes in the gene pool of a population
What can variate? For example, mutation in genes. Or crossing over when homologous chromosomes pair up. Or independent assortment, at the point of cell meoisis when homologous chromosomes move to the equator of the cell and line up.
Then evolution can happen.
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